Introduction
1.1 Signals
1.2 Frequency Spectrum of Signals
1.3 Analog and Digital Signals
1.4 Amplifiers
1.5 Circuit Models for Amplifiers
1.6 Frequency Response of Amplifiers
1.7 The Digital Logic Inverter
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
PART I DEVICES AND BASIC CIRCUITS
Chapter 2 OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
Introduction
2.1 The Op-Amp Terminals
2.2 The Ideal Op Amp
2.3 Analysis of Circuits Containing Ideal Op Amps-The Inverting Configuration
2.4 Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
2.4.1 The Inverting Configurtion with General Impedances Z1 and Z2
2.4.2 The Inverting Integrator
2.4.3 The Op Amp Differentiator
2.4.4 The Weighted Summer
2.5 The Noninverting Configuration
2.6 Examples of Op-Amp circuits
2.7 Effect of Finite Open-Loop Gain and Bandwidth on Circuit Performance
2.8 Large-Signal Operation of Op Amps
2.9 DC Imperfections
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
Chapter 3 DIODES
Introduction
3.1 The Ideal Diode
3.2 Terminal Characteristics of Junction Diodes
3.3 Physical Operation of Diodes
3.3.1 Basic Semiconductor concepts
3.3.2 The pn Junction Under Open-Circuit Conditions
3.3.3 The pn Junction Under Reverse-Bias Conditions
3.3.4 The pn Junction in the Breakdown Region
3.3.5 The pn Junction Under Forward-Bias conditions
3.3.6 Summary
3.4 Analysis of Diode Circuits
3.5 The Small-Signal Model and its Application
3.6 Operation in the Reverse Breakdown Region-Zener Diodes
3.7 Rectifier Circuits
3.8 Limiting and Clamping Circuits
3.9 Special Diode Types
3.10 The SPICE Diode Model and Simulation Examples
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
Chapter 4 BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTORS(BJTs)
Introduction
4.1 Physical Structure and Modes of Operation
4.2 Operation of the npn Transistor in the Active Mode
4.3 The pnp Transistor
4.4 Circuit Symbols and Conventions
4.5 Graphical Representation of Transistor Characteristics
4.6 Analysis of Transistor Circuits at DC
4.7 The Transistor as an Amplifier
4.8 Small-Signal Equivalent Circuit Models
4.9 Graphical Analysis
4.10 Biasing the BJT for Discrete-Circuit Design
4.11 Basic Single-Stage BJT Amplifier Configurations
4.12 The Transistor as a Switch-Cutoff and Saturation
4.13 A General Large-Signal Model for the BJT:The Ebers-Moll(EM)Model
4.14 The Basic BJT Logic Inverter
4.15 Complete Static Characteristics,Internal Capacitances,and Second-Order Effects
4.16 The SPICE BJT Model and Simulation Examples
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
Chapter 5 FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS(FETs)
Introduction
5.1 Structure and Physical Operation of the Enhancement-Type MOSFET
5.2 Current-Voltage Characteristics of the Enhancement MOSFET
5.3 The Deletion-Type MOSFET
5.4 MOSFET Circuits at DC
5.5 The MOSFET as an Amplifier
5.6 Biasing in MOS Amplifier Circuits
5.6.1 Biasing of Discrete MOSFET Amplifiers
5.6.2 Biasing in Integrated-Circuit MOS Amplifiers
5.7 Basic Configurations of Single-Stage IC MOS Amplifiers
5.7.1 The CMOS Common-Source Amplifier
5.7.2 The CMOS Common-Gate Amplifier
5.7.3 The Common-Drain or Source-Follower Configuration
5.7.4 All-NMOS Amplifier Stages
5.7.5 A Final Remark
5.8 The CMOS Digital Logic Inverter
5.9 The MOSFET as an Analog Switch
5.10 The MOSFET Internal Capacitances and High-Frequency Model
5.11 The Junction Field-Effect Transistor(JFET)
5.12 Gallium Arsenide(GaAs)Devices-The MESFET
5.13 The SPICE MOSFET Model and Simulation Examples
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
PART II ANALOG CIRCUITS
Chapter 6 DIFFERENTIAL AND MULTISTAGE AMPLIFIERS
Introduction
6.1 The BJT Differential Pair
6.2 Small-Signal Operation of the BJT Differential Amplifier
6.3 Other Nonideal Characteristics of the Differential Amplifier
6.4 Biasing in BJT Integrated Circuits
6.5 The BJT Differential Amplifier with Active Load
6.6 MOS Differential Amplifiers
6.7 BiCMOS Amplifiers
6.8 GaAs Amplifiers
6.9 Multistage Amplifiers
6.10 SPICE Simulation Example
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
Chapter 7 FREQUENCY RESPONSE
Introduction
7.1 s-Domain Analysis:Poles,Zeros,and Bode Plots
7.2 The Amplifier Transfer Functoin
7.3 Low-Frequency Response of the Common-Source and Common-Emitter Amplifiers
7.4 High-Frequency Response of the Common-Source and Common-Emitter Amplifiers
7.5 The Common-Base,Common-Gate,and Cascode Configurations
7.6 Frequency Response of the Emitter and Source Followers
7.7 The Common-Collector Common-Emitter Cascade
7.8 Frequency Response of the Differential Amplifier
7.9 SPICE Simulation Examples
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
Chapter 8 FEEDBACK
Introduction
8.1 The General Feedback Structure
8.2 Some Properties of Negative Feedback
8.3 The Four Basic Feedback Topologies
8.4 The Series-Shunt Feedback Amplifier
8.5 The Series-Series Feedback Amplifier
8.6 The Shunt-Shunt and the Shunt-Series Feedback Amplifiers
8.7 Determining the Loop Gain
8.8 The Stability Problem
8.9 Effect of Feedback on the Amplifier Poles
8.10 Stability Study Using Bode Plots
8.11 Frequency Compensation
8.12 SPICE Simulation Examples
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
Chapter 9 OUTPUT STAGES AND POWER AMPLIFIERS
Introduction
9.1 Classification of Output Stages
9.2 Class A Output Stage
9.3 Class B Output Stage
9.4 Class AB Output Stage
9.5 Biasing the Class AB Circuit
9.6 Power BJTs
9.7 Variations on the Class AB Configuration
9.8 IC Power Amplifiers
9.9 MOS Power Transistors
9.10 SPICE Simulation Examples
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
Chapter 10 ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
Introduction
10.1 The 741 Op-Amp Circuit
10.2 DC Analysis of the 741
10.3 Small-Signal Analysis of the 741 Input Stage
10.4 Small-Signal Analysis of the 741 Second Stage
10.5 Analysis of the 741 Output Stage
10.6 Gain and Frequency Response of the 741
10.7 CMOS Op Amps
10.8 Alternative Configurations for CMOS and BiCMOS Op Amps
10.9 Data Converters-An Introduction
10.10 D/A Converter Circuits
10.11 A/D Converter Circuits
10.12 SPICE Simulation Examples
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
Chapter 11 FILTERS AND TUNED AMPLIFIERS
Introduction
11.1 Filter Transmission,Types,and Specification
11.2 The Filter Transfer Function
11.3 Butterworth and Chebyshev Filters
11.4 First-Order and Second-Order Filter Functions
11.5 The Second-Order LCR Resonator
11.6 Second-Order Active Filters Based on Inductor Replacement
11.7 Second-Order Active Filters Based on the Two-Integrator-Loop Topology
11.8 Single-Amplifier Biquadratic Active Filters
11.9 Sensitivity
11.10 Switched-Capacitor Filters
11.11 Tuned Amplifiers
11.12 SPICE Simulation Examples
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
Chapter 12 SIGNAL GENERATORS AND WAVEFORM-SHAPING CIRCUITS
Introduction
12.1 Basic Principles of Sinusoidal Oscillators
12.2 Op Amp-RC Oscillator Circuits
12.3 LC and Crystal Oscillators
12.4 Bistable Multivibrators
12.5 Generation of Square and Triangular Waveforms Using Astable Multivibrators
12.6 Generatioin of a Standardized Pulse-The Monostable Multivibrator
12.7 Integrated-Circuit Timers
12.8 Nonlinear Waveform-Shaping Circuits
12.9 Precision Rectifier Circuits
12.10 SPICE Simulation Examples
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
PART III DIGITAL CIRCUITS
Chapter 13 MOS DIGITAL CIRCUITS
Introduction
13.1 Digital Circuit Design:An Overview
13.1.1 Digital IC Technologies and Logic-Circuit Families
13.1.2 Logic-Circuit Characterization
13.1.3 Styles for Digital System Design
13.1.4 Design Abstraction and Computer Aids
13.2 Design and Performance Analysis of the CMOS Inverter
13.3 CMOS Logic-Gate Circuits
13.4 Pseudo-NMOS Logic Circuits
13.5 Pass-Transistor Logic Circuits
13.6 Dynamic Logic Circuits
13.7 Latches and Flip-Flops
13.8 Multivibrator Circuits
13.9 Semiconductor Memories:Types and Architectures
13.10 Random-Access Memory(RAM)Cells
13.11 Sense Amplifiers and Address Decoders
13.11.1 The Sense Amplifier
13.11.2 The Row-Address Decoder
13.11.3 The Column-Address Decoder
13.12 Read-Only Memory(ROM)
13.13 SPICE Simulation Examples
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
Chapter 14 BIPOLAR AND ADVANCED-TECHNOLOGY DIGITAL CIRCUITS
Introduction
14.1 Dynamic Operation of the BJT Switch
14.2 Early Forms of BJT Digital Circuits
14.3 Transistor-Transistor Logic(TTL or T2L)
14.4 Characteristics of Standard TTL
14.5 TTL Families with Improved Performance
14.6 Emitter-Coupled Logic(ECL)
14.7 BiCMOS Digital Circuits
14.8 Gallium-Arsenide Digital Circuits
14.9 SPICE Simulation Examples
Summary
Bibliography
Problems
APPENDIXES
A VLSI FABRICATION TECHNOLOGY
B TWO-PORT NETWORK PARAMETERS
C AN INTRODUCTION TO SPICE
D INPUT FILES FOR THE SPICE EXAMPLES
E SOME USEFUL NETWORK THEOREMS
F SINGLE-TIME-CONSTANT CIRCUITS
G DETERMINING THE PARAMETER VALUES OF THE HYBRID-π BJT Model
H STANDAARD RESISTANCE VALUES AND UNIT PREFIXES
I ANSWERS TO SELECTED PROBLEMS